The Rights of Immigrants and the Challenges of their Re-Integration after the Return to Albania

Abstract

Immigrants’ rights constitute a fundamental issue in contemporary societies, as they directly influence social integration and individual well-being. At the international level, numerous conventions and treaties have established standards for the protection of immigrants’ social rights; however, their implementation varies considerably across countries. This situation highlights the necessity of strengthening policies and programs aimed at safeguarding and promoting immigrants’ rights, ensuring equal opportunities for participation and development within host societies. Such efforts are essential not only for the welfare of immigrants but also for social cohesion and overall societal progress. Emigration has been a persistent phenomenon in Albania since the 1990s, marked by the large-scale departure of citizens seeking better living conditions abroad. In recent years, however, a growing number of Albanian migrants have returned to their country of origin due to economic, social, and personal changes in host countries. The re-integration of return migrants into Albanian society presents a range of challenges, particularly in relation to employment, social inclusion, and access to fundamental rights. This paper aims to examine the rights of immigrants and the main challenges associated with their re-integration after returning to Albania, emphasizing the need for a coordinated institutional and social approach to foster inclusion, social cohesion, and sustainable national development.

Received: 5 January 2026 / Revised: 20 February 2026 / Accepted: 3 March 2026 / Published: 25 March 2026