The Crisis in the Bektashi Order Headquarters: 1945-1947

Abstract

Immediately after the Second World War, the Bektashi Order faced a crisis as it was expected to assume its statutory responsibilities as an independent institution. This event, beyond being a human tragedy, caused significant turmoil and shook public confidence in the stability of religious organizations. It also affected the foundations of the communist regime in Albania. The crisis was primarily rooted in internal conflicts within the Bektashi Order, particularly those arising from divergent dogmatic currents. Although the communist regime attempted to portray the crisis as resistance to reform, the reality was more complex. These internal tensions hindered a smooth transition to independence. The turmoil within the Bektashi Order posed serious challenges for the newly established regime as it sought to consolidate power and assert control over the country’s institutions. Judging by the means and tactics used—and above all by the tragic consequences—the crisis in the Bektashi Headquarters was almost indistinguishable from those driven by political motives. Members of the Order held high state functions and were known to the public more for their political and military merits than for their religious roles. Moreover, the so-called 'new Bektashism,' in addition to violating the essence of Bektashi doctrine, alienated the community by reducing it to a civil association.

Received: 20 March 2026  │  Accepted: 3 July 2026  │  Published: 23 July 2026