The Role of Physical Activity in Reducing Symptoms of ‘Burnout’ and Psychological Mechanisms Towards Exercise in Professionals with High Stress Levels: The Case of Northern Albania

Abstract

This study explores the relationship between burnout, the use of physical defense mechanisms, and physical activity levels in the health, education, legislative, and public sectors in northern Albania. Based on a 317-item study, higher scores on prolonged sitting and neurotic defense mechanisms are positively associated with higher burnout, while mature defense mechanisms, such as sublimation and humor, exhibit healthy protective effects. The links between defense mechanisms and physical activity are complex; sublimation is negatively associated with intense physical activity, while rationalization has a positive physical correlation with involvement in moderate-intensity activity. These findings highlight the need for integrated strategies that address both psychological and physical aspects of burnout prevention, with a focus on managing high-stress workloads. The study provides a contribution to the Albanian literature and suggests ways to focus on the well-being of employees in critical sectors. Also, it suggests sector-specific interventions and highlight the importance of promoting physical activity to reduce burnout in professionals facing chronic stress.

Received: 25 May 2025 / Accepted: 27 July 2025 / Published: 01 August 2025